SQL Injection is a type of security vulnerability that allows an attacker to manipulate SQL commands in a web application to access or modify sensitive information stored in a database. This vulnerability occurs when user input is not properly validated and is directly incorporated into an SQL statement.
An attacker can use SQL Injection to bypass login authentication, read sensitive information such as passwords and credit card numbers, modify or delete data, or even gain complete control over the database and the underlying system.
To prevent SQL Injection, it's important to validate all user input and sanitize it before incorporating it into an SQL statement. This can be done by using parameterized queries, also known as prepared statements, which separate the SQL code from user input and prevent the latter from being interpreted as part of the SQL statement.
Additionally, using appropriate security measures such as using secure connections (SSL/TLS), keeping software and databases up to date, and restricting access to sensitive information can also reduce the risk of successful SQL Injection attacks.
In conclusion, SQL Injection is a serious security threat that should be taken seriously by developers and administrators of web applications. By following best practices and taking the necessary precautions, the risk of successful SQL Injection attacks can be significantly reduced.